Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

Learn New Words FAST with this Lesson’s Vocab Review List

Get this lesson’s key vocab, their translations and pronunciations. Sign up for your Free Lifetime Account Now and get 7 Days of Premium Access including this feature.

Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?

Lesson Notes

Unlock In-Depth Explanations & Exclusive Takeaways with Printable Lesson Notes

Unlock Lesson Notes and Transcripts for every single lesson. Sign Up for a Free Lifetime Account and Get 7 Days of Premium Access.

Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?

Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Mohammad: Hello listeners, I'm Mohammad.
Brandon: And I'm Brandon, hi everyone and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Absolute Beginner, season 1, lesson 24 - "Can I Borrow Your Persian Book?" In this lesson you’ll learn how to borrow or lend things using Persian phrases.
Mohammad: We’ll be listening to a conversation that takes place in a library.
Brandon: This conversation is between a librarian and a library member.
Mohammad: And that's why they'll be using formal language.
Brandon: So, are you ready?
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Brandon: So, are there any special events in Iran, that are somehow related to books?
Mohammad: Yes. There's an "International Book Fair" held in Tehran once a year, which is very popular among Iranians.
Brandon: How long does it last each time?
Mohammad: It's usually between one or two weeks, and it's held in the same place every year.
Brandon: How many people go?
Mohammad: Well, it's in a very big space that has outdoor and indoor halls, because thousands of people go along.
Brandon: Are there books of all genres?
Mohammad: Yes, there are books on a wide variety of subjects, including sciences, arts, and linguistics. There are also books for kids.
Brandon: Can you buy the books too?
Mohammad: Yes, definitely!
Brandon: So it must be very crowded then?
Mohammad: It gets really crowded sometimes, with people of all ages and nationalities.
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Brandon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Mohammad, "When" are we going to master Persian?
Mohammad: That's our first word! "When"! Which is "key," "Key."
Brandon: Is it only used to ask "When"?
Mohammad: Yes. As in "When do we go?", but not for "When or whenever we go."
Brandon: Alright, can we use other phrases instead? Like for example, "What time"?
Mohammad: Yes. That's "che vaqt" or "che moqe'." They're used for the same meaning.
Brandon: And how do you answer those?
Mohammad: By saying the time or date, for example, "maah-e digar" meaning "next month," or "bezoodi," meaning "soon."
Brandon: Okay. What’s our next word?
Mohammad: "telephoni." It means "by phone."
Brandon: "Telephone" is the international word for "phone," and you add "i." Does adding "i" always make anything mean "by it"?
Mohammad: Yes. Whenever we add "i" to a noun, it becomes an adjective showing "by it."
Brandon: Are there any other phrases that mean "by phone"?
Mohammad: Yes. For example "bevasileye telefon" or "az tariqe telefon," which means "through the phone."
Brandon: And which one is used the most?
Mohammad: I would say "telefoni," since it's the easiest and shortest one.
Brandon: So everyone, it's "Telephoni"!
Mohammad: "telefoni" (pause) "telefoni."
Brandon: Alright listeners. Finally, we have a phrase for you.
Mohammad: It's "Emkaan-e...vojud daarad?"
Brandon: Which means "Is something possible?" Let's break it down as usual.
Mohammad: "emkaan" means "possibility," and "e" means "of."
Brandon: Next we add the word we want to ask about, right?
Mohammad: Yes. And the verb is at the end as usual, and it’s "exists" or in Persian "vojood daarad?".
Brandon: So it becomes "Does the possibility of.[something]..exist?"
Mohammad: Yes, or in short, "Is.[something]..possible?" It's the same as saying "mitoonam?," or "Can I?" but more politely.
Brandon: Okay, so one more time, can you repeat it for our listeners?
Mohammad: "emkaan-e.[something]..vojood daarad?" (pause).
Brandon: Great! Now let’s move on to the grammar.

Lesson focus

Brandon: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about borrowing and lending things. How do you say "to borrow" in Persian?
Mohammad: You say "qarz gereftan" or "qarz kardan."
Brandon: And how about "to lend"?
Mohammad: It's "qarz dadan."
Brandon: The word "qarz" is repeated in all of them. What does it mean?
Mohammad: That's right. It means "debt."
Brandon: So what's the different point of each phrase?
Mohammad: It's the second verb. For "borrowing" it's "gereftan" or "kardan," meaning "to take" or "to do." And for "lending," it's "daadan" meaning "to give."
Brandon: "To take debt" and "to give debt", right?
Mohammad: Yes "qarz gereftan" and "qarz daadan."
Brandon: Are there any words with the same meaning?
Mohammad: Yes. Instead, you can use the word "amaanat" with somewhat the same meaning, in the same order.
Brandon: I see. For example, say "Can I borrow?" with both.
Mohammad: "mitoonam qarz begiram?" or "mitoonam amaanat begiram?"
Brandon: That's great! Now as a continuation, what other words are used to complete the process of "lending" and "borrowing"?
Mohammad: Such as...for example, "to return"?
Brandon: Exactly! How do you say "to return" in Persian?
Mohammad: It's "bargardoondan."
Brandon: For example, let's say "I return the book."
Mohammad: "ketaab ro barmigardoonam."
Brandon: Great. Now, in case we want to keep the book for a little longer, how can we extend it?
Mohammad: Oh, we'll say "tamdid konam," the conditional form of "tamdid kardan" or "to extend."
Brandon: Is that the whole question?
Mohammad: No, actually it's "mitoonam tamdid konam?," or "Can I extend?"
Brandon: And, to say "Is an extension possible?" like we had in the vocabulary?
Mohammad: Then it's "emkaane tamdid vojood daare?"
Brandon: I see. It changes a little bit every time.
Mohammad: That's right. That’s because we have to use verbs in their suitable tenses.
Brandon: And how do we understand which is suitable?
Mohammad: It depends on what their pronoun is.
Brandon: So you judge the verb by their pronouns in a sentence.
Mohammad: Yes. If it's "you," then we say "ketaab raa qarz migiri?" or "tamdid mikoni?".
Brandon: And last but not least, our object in this sentence is?
Mohammad: It's "ketaab" or "book," since the borrowing is done to it.
Brandon: And we add "raa" and the verb right?
Mohammad: Yes. As we learned before, if we know the book, we add "raa." If it's "any book," we don't need "raa."
Brandon: Ok. Let's have one last example. Say "I return the book I borrowed."
Mohammad: "ketaabi ke qarz gereftam ro barmigardoonam."
Brandon: Wow! That's long!
Mohammad: Practice is the key!
Brandon: That's right. So listeners, do you want any books?
Mohammad: There are some good libraries in Iran!
Brandon: All you need is to master these words.
Mohammad: Good luck, everyone!

Outro

Brandon: And that’s all for this lesson. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time.
Mohammad: Goodbye. "khodaahaafez."

Comments

Hide