Review the grammar points from this season using an informal conversation between friends as an example
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello listeners, I'm Brandon. |
| Mohammad: Hi everyone. I'm Mohammad. |
| Brandon: Welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Absolute Beginner, season 1, lesson 25 - Do You Remember the Persian Grammar You've Learned in this Series? |
| Mohammad: Brandon, we’ve reached the last lesson of the series! What are we learning? |
| Brandon: I can’t believe we’re already at the end! In this lesson, we'll review a few of the grammar points that we’ve covered in this series. These points are all gathered in a conversation we'll listen to, that happens in the street. |
| Mohammad: This conversation is between Sina, Arash, and Mahshid. |
| Brandon: And since they're friends, they'll use informal Persian. |
| Mohammad: So listeners, are you ready? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: So Mohammad, if someone wants to travel to the seaside in Iran, where should they go? |
| Mohammad: There is one sea in the north of Iran, and another one in the south. They're both very nice places. |
| Brandon: Can you tell us more about each one? The one in the north is called the Caspian Sea, right? |
| Mohammad: Yes, and one of its main attractions is the green fields and forests around it. |
| Brandon: It's also a good connection to other countries, isn't it? What about the sea in the south? |
| Mohammad: Well, it includes the Oman Sea and the Persian Gulf. |
| Brandon: What are the names of Iran's most famous islands, that you can find there? |
| Mohammad: They are named "Kish" and "Qeshm." They're good centers for aquatic sports and marine life. |
| Brandon: I’ve heard they have a really inviting atmosphere. Listeners, why not go to the seaside in Iran! |
| Mohammad: But first, let's master this lesson's vocab! |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What’s the first one? |
| Mohammad: "maah-e aayande." It means "the next month." |
| Brandon: And what's the important point about it? |
| Mohammad: The fact that each word that makes it up has two meanings. |
| Brandon: Really? What are they? |
| Mohammad: "maah" means "month" and "moon." And "aayande" means "future," and can be used as the word "next" as well. |
| Brandon: Are there any other words for any of these meanings? |
| Mohammad: For "next" you may say other words like "ba'di." |
| Brandon: I see. And in this case the "month" and "next" come together. |
| Mohammad: Yes, and they become "maah-e aayande." |
| Brandon: One more time please. |
| Mohammad: "maah-e aayande" (pause). |
| Brandon: Our next phrase is an interjection. |
| Mohammad: Right. It's "che aali!". |
| Brandon: Which means "How great!" or "How fabulous!" |
| Mohammad: It should be said in an amazed tone. |
| Brandon: And if it's not? |
| Mohammad: It won't be natural. Or it may be considered as a lie. |
| Brandon: I guess that's because it's a reaction. |
| Mohammad: Yes, and it's towards something amazing. |
| Brandon: So, how do we say it, in order to sound right? |
| Mohammad: "che aali!" (pause), "che aali!" |
| Brandon: Alright. And finally, our last phrase is...? |
| Mohammad: "dars khoondan" meaning "to study." |
| Brandon: Is it a phrasal verb? |
| Mohammad: Yes, which includes one noun and a verb. |
| Brandon: Can we break this down? |
| Mohammad: Sure! "dars" is "lesson," and "khoondan" means "to read." |
| Brandon: But together they mean "to study." It makes sense. And what else is there to know about it? |
| Mohammad: Well, since it's a verb, it must have a tense. |
| Brandon: And I bet it's always at the end of a sentence, right? Let's repeat it one more time. |
| Mohammad: "dars khoondan" (pause), "dars khoondan." |
| Brandon: Perfect! Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Brandon: In this lesson, we're going to review a group of the grammar points that we learned during this series. |
| Mohammad: That's right. Like I always say, practice is the secret of success! |
| Brandon: I agree! So, the first rule that we're going to review is...? |
| Mohammad: It's how to make the negative form of a present tense verb. |
| Brandon: How do we do it? |
| Mohammad: We have to add the prefix "ne" before the present tense. |
| Brandon: For example, how do we say "I can't"? |
| Mohammad: "I can" was "mitoonam" or "mitavaanam" in Persian. We simply add "ne" to it, and it becomes "nemitoonam" or "nemitavaanam." |
| Brandon: How about the interrogative form that we had in the conversation? |
| Mohammad: In order to make it, we don't need to do anything, except to change our tone into a questioning tone. |
| Brandon: And how does a questioning tone sound? |
| Mohammad: It's a rising sound. We have to say the original sentence with this tone. |
| Brandon: Can you say a sentence in both forms, so our listeners can hear the difference? |
| Mohammad: Yes. For example, "to hamraah-e maa miaayi" means "You're coming with us," and "to hamraah-e maa miaayi?" means "Are you coming with us?" |
| Brandon: Got it. Now what else are we going to review in this lesson? |
| Mohammad: Let me see. How to say "to want to do something" in Persian. |
| Brandon: Oh yes. There was "We want to go to the seaside" in the conversation. How exactly did we say it in the previous lessons? |
| Mohammad: Well, we had the singular version, which is "I want" or "mikhaaham." |
| Brandon: Yes, I remember that we added the conditional form of the verb to it. |
| Mohammad: That's right. Now it's the same here. Only we change the tenses of the verbs depending on our pronoun. |
| Brandon: Okay, how is it changed for the pronoun "we"? |
| Mohammad: For example, for "We want to go", both "to want" and "to go" must be changed. They become "mikhaahim," and "beravim" or "berim." |
| Brandon: They end in the suffix "im." In the singular version, the suffix was "am." |
| Mohammad: That's right. And our second verb is "beravim" instead of "miravim." |
| Brandon: Which shows that it's in conditional form, right? |
| Mohammad: Exactly. And that's how it becomes "mikhaahim beravim." |
| Brandon: Which means "We want to go." Alright. There was one more thing that we learned recently. |
| Mohammad: Yes. And that is sentences with the word "must." |
| Brandon: What was "must" in Persian? |
| Mohammad: It's "baayad." |
| Brandon: And how do we make sentences with it? |
| Mohammad: We say "baayad," and add the rest of the sentence again in conditional form. |
| Brandon: This seems to be a very popular form in Persian! So what was the example in the conversation? |
| Mohammad: "baayad dars bekhoonam." |
| Brandon: Which means "I have to study." The rest comes between "baayad" and the verb. |
| Mohammad: Yes. And "dars mikhoonam" becomes "dars bekhoonam." |
| Brandon: Okay. Mission accomplished! And this is the end of the series, listeners! We hope you enjoyed it and found it useful. |
| Mohammad: And hope that we were able to cover all the basics you need. |
| Brandon: Remember you can always check the lesson notes to reinforce what you’ve learned, and also leave us a post at PersianPod101.com if you have any questions or comments. |
| Mohammad: We’re happy to help! |
Outro |
| Brandon: Thanks for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you in another series. Bye! |
| Mohammad: "khodaahaafez!" |
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