Learn how to use many common phrases
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, Becky here, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Basic Bootcamp Lesson 3 - Useful Phrases for Learning Persian. This is the third in a five-part series that will help you ease your way into Persian. |
| Mohammad: Salam, man Mohammadam. Hi, I’m Mohammad. |
| Becky: In this lesson, you will learn some essential Persian phrases! |
| Mohammad: Yep, you can use these phrases when you are lost for words, or caught up in a confusing situation. |
| Becky: These phrases will also help you to avoid or resolve misunderstandings, whenever and wherever you are in Iran. Okay, Let’s listen to the conversation! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: Mohammad, have you ever been in a situation, where you are desperately in need of a single word in order to get the meaning across, but you can't remember it, or you just don't know the right word? What would you do in that situation? |
| Mohammad: I would try to ask those around me about that word. |
| Becky: That's a good idea. But what if you were in a place where nobody speaks your language? Then what would you do? |
| Mohammad: Hmm, let me see. I'd have to ask them in their own language. |
| Becky: That's right! You have to know their language! |
| Mohammad: Or, maybe there's no need to know the whole language, but only the words you need to ask the question about how can you say the word in that language. |
| Becky: Right. That'll even help you to learn more words each time, practically. |
| Mohammad: Now imagine that you're in Iran, and you’re looking for a certain word. |
| Becky: Asking questions and learning will definitely help you have a better tourist experience in Iran. |
| Mohammad: And the fact that you're interested in Persian, will also make the locals very happy. |
| Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. Let’s start with the equivalent for “Excuse me” |
| Mohammad: Which in Persian is "Bebakhshid" or "Ozr mikhaham". |
| Becky: Yes, I noticed in the "Vocabulary" part, that there were two words with this meaning. Could you please say them one more time slowly? |
| Mohammad: "Bebakhshid", "Ozr mikhaham". |
| Becky: So they are not different at all? |
| Mohammad: They're really very similar. Both are used to catch someone's attention before asking a question, to request something, to ask permission, and to apologize. |
| Becky: I see. Can you give us some examples? |
| Mohammad: Yes. For example, to say "Excuse me, what time is it?", you can say: "Bebakhshid, saat chand eh?", or "Ozr mikhaham, saat chand ast?" |
| Becky: Okay, the next expression is... |
| Mohammad: "Lotfan", meaning "Please". |
| Becky: This one also has an equivalent, which is |
| Mohammad: "Khahesh mikonam". |
| Becky: Could you say them one more time slowly? |
| Mohammad: "Lotfan", "Khahesh mikonam". |
| Becky: These two are used to ask someone to do you a favour. Mohammad, which one is said more often? |
| Mohammad: They are both used equally often. |
| Becky: And how do they differ? |
| Mohammad: "Lotfan" derives from Arabic, and is slightly more formal. |
| Becky: Ok, moving on, another important vocabulary point is the "Tar" suffix". Where in the dialogue did we have it, Mohammad? |
| Mohammad: We heard it in the word "Aramtar" which means "Slower". |
| Becky: That's right. "Tar" is a suffix that’s added to adjectives to give the meaning of "More". |
| Mohammad: Yes, it's the same as the English "er". |
| Becky: Can you give some more examples with "Tar", Mohammad? |
| Mohammad: Sure, for example "Tariktar" meaning "Darker", and "Khoshhaltar" meaning "Happier". |
| Becky: Great. Now let’s move on to the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn some essential phrases to help you get by in Persian. |
| Mohammad: The first phrase we had was, |
| چه می گویند؟ Cheese عذر می خواهم، در فارسی به |
| (Ozr mikhaham, dar Farsi be "Cheese" che miguyand?) |
| Becky: "Excuse me, how do we say cheese in Persian?" |
| Mohammad: Actually, we literally use the phrase "What do they say to something" instead, to ask a word in Persian. |
| Becky: Ok. Let’s break this down now. We learned that the first words we use to ask a question politely are "Excuse me" or "I'm sorry" |
| Mohammad: "Bebakhshid" or "Ozr mikhaham". |
| Becky: And what's next? |
| Mohammad "In Persian", which is "Dar Farsi". We don't start with question words like "What" or "How" like in English. |
| Becky: Ok, and the next is? |
| Mohammad We put "To" or "Beh", followed by the word we want to know. |
| Becky: So just as I expected, the phrase "What do they say?" comes last because of the verb. Right? |
| Mohammad: Exactly! That'll be "Che miguyand?" |
| Becky: So altogether it becomes... |
| Mohammad: عذر می خواهم، در فارسی به چه می گویند؟ (Ozr mikhaham, dar Farsi be "------" che miguyand?) |
| Becky: Listeners, please listen and repeat. |
| Mohammad: عذر می خواهم، در فارسی به چه می گویند؟ (Ozr mikhaham, dar Farsi be "------" che miguyand?) |
| Becky: And if you want to know the word in another language? |
| Mohammad: Simply replace the language name with "Farsi". Language names are usually the same as words for nationality, so remembering them will be easy. |
| Becky: That's great! Now what was the next grammar point we saw in our dialogue? |
| Mohammad The negative form of the verb. |
| Becky: Oh right! We had the phrase "I didn't catch it", in the dialogue. So Mohammad, how do we make the verb negative? |
| Mohammad: By adding the " نَ "(na...) prefix before the past and future tense forms of verbs, and "ِ ن "(ne...) before the present forms, which changes "Mi" to "Nemi". |
| Becky: As an example, the original past form of the verb in the dialogue, "to catch" or "to understand", is: |
| Mohammad: "Motevajjeh shodam". |
| Becky: And when we added " نَ "(na...) to make it negative, it became... |
| Mohammad: "Motevajjeh nashodam". Remember it's added to the beginning of the last word of phrasal verbs. |
| Becky: OK. Now we’ve covered the main points for this lesson. Mohammad, so that the listeners can practice, would you repeat the rest of the phrases one more time? |
| Mohammad: Of course. Let's begin. |
| Becky: Listeners, listen and repeat - "Say it once again, please." |
| Mohammad لطفا ً یک بار دیگر تکرار کنید (Lotfan yek bare digar tekrar konid) {pause} |
| Becky: Next one - "Please speak a little slower". |
| Mohammad لطفا ً کمی آرامتر بگویید. (Lotfan kami aramtar begooyid) {pause} |
| Becky: Next - "Write that down in Persian for me, please." |
| Mohammad لطفا ً آن را به فارسی برایم بنویسید. ( Lotfan an ra be Farsi barayam benevisid) {pause} |
| Becky: And last but not least, what's the word for "Cheese" Mohammad? |
| Mohammad: It's "Panir"! |
Outro |
| Becky: That’s it for this lesson. |
| Mohammad: Listeners, thanks for listening. "Khasteh nabashid". |
| Becky: Make sure you check the lesson notes, and we’ll see you next time! |
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