Learn how to use the future tense
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 10 - You Can Always Talk About the Weather in Persian! John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam), I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the future tense. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between George and Maryam. |
| John: The speakers are family members; therefore, they’ll speak informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| مریم: هواشناسی میگه (می گوید) فردا به احتمال زیاد بارونیه (بارانی خواهد بود). |
| جرج: یعنی پروازمون (پروازمان) کنسل میشه (خواهد شد؟) |
| مریم: تا نریم (نرویم) فرودگاه معلوم نمیشه ( نخواهد شد). |
| جرج: وقتی رفته بودم خرید هوا خیلی سرد بود. |
| مریم: من گفتم پالتوت رو (را) با خودت ببر. |
| جرج: امسال هوا خیلی سرده (سرد است) فکر کنم به زودی برف بیاد. |
| مریم: من هوای برفی رو (را) خیلی دوست دارم. |
| جرج: پس بیا بریم (برویم) چکمهٔ گرم بخریم. |
| مریم: حتماً، فکر خوبیه (خوبی است). |
| John: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| مریم: هواشناسی میگه (می گوید) فردا به احتمال زیاد بارونیه (بارانی خواهد بود). |
| جرج: یعنی پروازمون (پروازمان) کنسل میشه (خواهد شد؟) |
| مریم: تا نریم (نرویم) فرودگاه معلوم نمیشه ( نخواهد شد). |
| جرج: وقتی رفته بودم خرید هوا خیلی سرد بود. |
| مریم: من گفتم پالتوت رو (را) با خودت ببر. |
| جرج: امسال هوا خیلی سرده (سرد است) فکر کنم به زودی برف بیاد. |
| مریم: من هوای برفی رو (را) خیلی دوست دارم. |
| جرج: پس بیا بریم (برویم) چکمهٔ گرم بخریم. |
| مریم: حتما، فکر خوبیه (خوبی است). |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Maryam: The weather forecast says most likely it will be rainy tomorrow. |
| George: Does it mean our flight will be canceled? |
| Maryam: We won't know unless we go to the airport. |
| George: It was really freezing when I went shopping. |
| Maryam: I told you it's really windy; take your coat along. |
| George: This year it's so cold that I think it's going to snow soon. |
| Maryam: I love it when it snows. |
| George: Then let's go and buy warm boots. |
| Maryam: Sure, it is a good idea. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Mehrnaz, what’s Iran’s climate like? |
| Mehrnaz: Iran has hot and humid weather in the south and southwest, hot and dry in the east and southeast, cold in the west and northwest, and mild and rainy in the north. |
| John: There’s also a desert, isn’t there? |
| Mehrnaz: There are two big deserts in the east of Iran, but large green forests in the north. |
| John: So two completely different environments. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, consider that while the southwestern city of Abadan can reach 50°C in the summer, the city of Saghez on the same day can be as cold as 5°C. |
| John: That’s impressive! I can’t imagine what 50°C feels like! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: هواشناسی [natural native speed] |
| John: weather forecast |
| Mehrnaz: هواشناسی [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: هواشناسی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: هوای بادی [natural native speed] |
| John: windy weather |
| Mehrnaz: هوای بادی [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: هوای بادی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: پرواز [natural native speed] |
| John: flight |
| Mehrnaz: پرواز [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: پرواز [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: فرودگاه [natural native speed] |
| John: airport |
| Mehrnaz: فرودگاه [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: فرودگاه [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: برف آمدن [natural native speed] |
| John: to snow |
| Mehrnaz: برف آمدن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: برف آمدن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: دقیقاً [natural native speed] |
| John: exactly |
| Mehrnaz: دقیقاً [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: دقیقاً [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: هوای برفی [natural native speed] |
| John: snowy weather |
| Mehrnaz: هوای برفی [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: هوای برفی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: به همراه بردن [natural native speed] |
| John: to take along |
| Mehrnaz: به همراه بردن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: به همراه بردن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: هوای خیلی سرد/منجمد کننده [natural native speed] |
| John: freezing |
| Mehrnaz: هوای خیلی سرد/منجمد کننده [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: هوای خیلی سرد/منجمد کننده [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Mehrnaz: خرید [natural native speed] |
| John: shopping |
| Mehrnaz: خرید [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خرید [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first sentence is... |
| Mehrnaz: هوا خیلی منجمد کننده بود |
| John: meaning "It was really freezing." |
| Mehrnaz: We use this sentence whenever the weather’s extremely cold. |
| John: Can you break it down? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. هوا (havaa) is "air” or "weather"; واقعا (vaaqe'an) means "really"; ممنجمد شدن (monjamed shodan/kardan) "freeze," and bood means "was." |
| John: Can you give us an example using a similar combination? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, فردا هوا خیلی سرد/منجمد کننده خواهد بود. |
| John: ...which means "It will be freezing tomorrow." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: به همراه بردن |
| John: meaning "to take along." |
| Mehrnaz: Breaking it down, به (be) means "to," همراه (hamraah) "along," and بردن (bordan) "take" or "taking." |
| John: How do we use this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: We use this phrase when we’re taking something or someone with us. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, در سفر به شیراز من پسرم را به همراه بردم. |
| John: ...which means "On the trip to Shiraz, I took my son along." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about the future tense. How is it formed? |
| Mehrnaz: The future tense is formed by taking the present tense form of خواستن, khaastan, “to want,” and conjugating it for the correct person. The present tense form of خواستن, khaastan, “to want,” is خواه, khaah. |
| John: Then we add the third person singular of the main verb. Let’s remind the audience that the third person singular of the verb is also the past tense of the verb for the third person. |
| Mehrnaz: Right, for example, the third person singular for the verb خوردن, khordan (“to eat”) is خورد, khord, meaning “he/she ate.” |
| John: Let’s go back to the future tense. What’s the Persian for “I will eat”? |
| Mehrnaz: خواهم خورد. |
| John: And the following second and third person singular? |
| Mehrnaz: “You will eat” is خواهی خورد. And “he or she will eat” is خواهد خورد. |
| John: Let’s give some sample sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: Sure, for example you can say, ناهار را پس از سخنرانی سرو خواهند کرد. |
| John: Which means “They will serve the lunch after the speech.” |
| Mehrnaz: تولید از سال آینده آغاز خواهد شد. |
| John: “Production will start from next year.” |
| Mehrnaz: Once more, I want to make an important note about this tense. In spoken Persian, we never use this form. We use the simple present tense. |
| John: We’ve already seen how to form the present tense. As it’s an important tense in colloquial Persian, let’s review it. |
| Mehrnaz: You just add the prefix (می) mi to the present tense stem of the verb, and add the personal present ending. |
| John: Please give us an example. |
| Mehrnaz: Let’s consider شدن (shodan), which means “to get” or “to become.” “I will become” is می شوم or, in the more common shortened form, می شم. |
| John: Listeners, pay attention to this point: Knowing the grammar rules is important to fully understanding Persian, but mastering colloquial forms is crucial if you’re going to use Persian in everyday life. |
| Mehrnaz: Here’s another example: “We will become” is می شویم, or, in the more common shortened form, می شیم. We also have an example in the dialogue: |
| تا نریم (نرویم) فرودگاه معلوم نمیشه ( نخواهد شد). |
| John: Which means, "We won't know unless we go to the airport." Listeners, if you check the lesson notes, you’ll notice many words inside brackets. Those are the specific forms of written Persian. To wrap up, let’s also give an example using the “regular” future tense. |
| Mehrnaz: من برای خرید لباس به بازار خواهم رفت. |
| John: Which means, "I'll go to the market to buy clothes." |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خدا حافظ (khodaahaafez) |
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