Learn about gender neutrality and expressing gender for humans and animals
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi, everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 18 - Spending Time on the Farm in Iran. John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam), I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about gender neutrality. The conversation takes place at Maryam's house. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Fariba and Maryam. |
| John: The speakers are friends; therefore, they’ll speak informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| مریم: این عکس مزرعه پدربزرگمه (پدربزرگم است). |
| فریبا: پدربزرگت چه حیوونایی دارن (دارند)؟ |
| مریم: از همشون (همه اشان) عکس دارم. ببین! دو تا گاو ماده و یه (یک) گوساله. |
| فریبا: چه گوساله بانمکی! |
| مریم: بز و گوسفند هم دارن (دارند). این بره تازه به دنیا اومده (آمده) بود. |
| فریبا: سگشون چه بزرگه (سگشان چه بزرگ است)! |
| مریم: دوتا ژرمن شپرد دارن! |
| فریبا: اسبم دارن (اسب هم دارند)؟ |
| مریم: آره! یه (یک) مادیان سفید! نمیدونم (نمی دانم) چرا عکسش اینجا نیس (نیست)! |
| فریبا: دوست دارم سال دیگه باهات برم اینجا (دوست دارم سال دیگر با تو به اینجا بروم)! |
| مریم: حتماً! |
| John: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| مریم: این عکس مزرعه پدربزرگمه (پدربزرگم است). |
| فریبا: پدربزرگت چه حیوونایی دارن (دارند)؟ |
| مریم: از همشون (همه اشان) عکس دارم. ببین! دو تا گاو ماده و یه (یک) گوساله. |
| فریبا: چه گوساله بانمکی! |
| مریم: بز و گوسفند هم دارن (دارند). این بره تازه به دنیا اومده (آمده) بود. |
| فریبا: سگشون چه بزرگه (سگشان چه بزرگ است)! |
| مریم: دوتا ژرمن شپرد دارن! |
| فریبا: اسبم دارن (اسب هم دارند)؟ |
| مریم: آره! یه (یک) مادیان سفید! نمیدونم (نمی دانم) چرا عکسش اینجا نیس (نیست)! |
| فریبا: دوست دارم سال دیگه باهات برم اینجا (دوست دارم سال دیگر با تو به اینجا بروم)! |
| مریم: حتماً! |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Maryam: This is a picture of my grandfather's farm. |
| Fariba: What kind of animals does he have? |
| Maryam: I've got pictures of all of them. Look! Two cows and a calf. |
| Fariba: What a cute calf! |
| Maryam: They have goats and sheep. This lamb was just born. |
| Fariba: How big his dog is! |
| Maryam: He's got two German Shepherds! |
| Fariba: Does he have horses too? |
| Maryam: Yeah! A mare! I don't know why her photo's not here! |
| Fariba: I'd like to go there with you! |
| Maryam: Sure, why not! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: Let’s all go Maryam’s grandfather’s farm! |
| Mehrnaz: Maybe he can give us some fresh milk. |
| John: Maybe, that sounds great! Mehrnaz, I wanted to ask you about transportation in Iran. |
| Mehrnaz: Okay. Is there anything specific that you want to know? |
| John: I heard that there are some women-only forms of transportation. Is that true? |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, it is. There are women-only cars on subways in Iran. |
| John: Why’s that? |
| Mehrnaz: It’s to provide a safe and secure place for women as they commute and go about their daily lives. |
| John: How about taxis? |
| Mehrnaz: There’s a taxi service that hires female drivers. They’ll pick up female passengers. It’s called تاکسی بانوان. |
| John: Which means “women’s taxi.” Does that operate like a normal taxi service? |
| Mehrnaz: You can call a taxi from wherever in the city and they’ll send you a car from the nearest station. |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: پدربزرگ [natural native speed] |
| John: grandfather |
| Mehrnaz: پدربزرگ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: پدربزرگ [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: مزرعه [natural native speed] |
| John: farm |
| Mehrnaz: مزرعه [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: مزرعه [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: عکس [natural native speed] |
| John: picture |
| Mehrnaz: عکس [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: عکس [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: بانمک [natural native speed] |
| John: cute |
| Mehrnaz: بانمک [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: بانمک [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: مادیان [natural native speed] |
| John: mare |
| Mehrnaz: مادیان [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: مادیان [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: سگ [natural native speed] |
| John: dog |
| Mehrnaz: سگ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: سگ [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: بز [natural native speed] |
| John: goat |
| Mehrnaz: بز [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: بز [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: اسب [natural native speed] |
| John: horse |
| Mehrnaz: اسب [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: اسب [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: به دنیا آمدن [natural native speed] |
| John: to be born |
| Mehrnaz: به دنیا آمدن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: به دنیا آمدن [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Mehrnaz: حتماً [natural native speed] |
| John: sure |
| Mehrnaz: حتماً [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: حتماً [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Mehrnaz: بانمک |
| John: meaning "cute." What can you tell us about this? |
| Mehrnaz: The first word, با, means “with.” The second word is نمک. |
| John: That means “salt.” So literally, it’s “with salt?” |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, but it means “cute.” |
| John: Are there other words for “cute?” |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, there are some Arabic words, such as ملیح and با ملاحت. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, سگت خیلی بانمکه (با نمک است)! |
| John: ...which means "Your dog is very cute! " |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: به دنیا آمدن |
| John: meaning "to be born." Can you break this down for us? |
| Mehrnaz: First is به, meaning “to.” Then دنیا, meaning “world,” and finally آمدن. |
| John: This means “to come.” Altogether, it literally means “to come to the world.” |
| Mehrnaz: Or, “to be born.” |
| John: That sounds better! Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, من تو (در) سال ۱۹۸۴ به دنیا اومدم (آمدم). |
| John: ...which means "I was born in the year 1984." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about gender neutrality. Persian, similar to English, is a gender neutral language. |
| Mehrnaz: Right, verbs, adjectives, and pronouns don't have masculine, feminine, or neuter forms. |
| John: For example, how do you say “he,” “she,” and “it,” which in English are expressed with different words? |
| Mehrnaz: For the subject pronoun, we use one word: او (oo) or آن (aan) |
| John: This covers “he,” “she,” and “it.” |
| Mehrnaz: The possessive pronoun is مال او/آن (maak-e oo/aan). |
| John: “His,” “hers,” “its.” |
| Mehrnaz: Here’s a sample sentence, کتاب شراره رو (را) بهش (به او) پس دادم |
| John: meaning “I gave Sharareh’s book back to her.” In this case, the name makes it clear that we’re talking about a woman. |
| Mehrnaz: Right, as in Persian there are male and female names, though we have some genderless names too. |
| John: Can you give us examples of male names? |
| Mehrnaz: فرهاد, and احمد. |
| John: How about some female names? |
| Mehrnaz: سارا and مرضیه. |
| John: And how about a genderless name? |
| Mehrnaz: متین. Genderless names are not so common though. |
| John: What about family names? |
| Mehrnaz: Family names represent ancestors.There are many popular names from Arabic and related to the Islamic part of Iran’s culture. |
| John: Some names come from cities. |
| Mehrnaz: Such as تبریزی. Other names come from occupations, like قالیباف . |
| John: This means “carpet weaver.” There are also some names that come from interests. |
| Mehrnaz: Like شرع پسند, which means “Sharia friendly.” |
| John: Without any gendered pronouns, how can we say that someone is male or female? |
| Mehrnaz: You can use words like مرد , meaning “man,” or زن , meaning “woman.” |
| John: Let’s hear some examples of this in action. |
| Mehrnaz: دکترهای زن |
| John: “Female doctors.” |
| Mehrnaz: پلیس مرد مهربان |
| John: “Kind policeman.” |
| Mehrnaz: منشی خانم |
| John: “Female secretary.” How about with animals? |
| Mehrnaz: Like in English, there are different names for male and female animals. |
| John: Oh, like how we’d use “bull” for the male and “cow” for the female? |
| Mehrnaz: Exactly. “Bull” is گاو نر, and “cow” is گاو ماده, for example. |
| John: Do you have another example? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. اسب نر and مادیان |
| John: That was the masculine “horse,” followed by the female “mare.” There are many examples of everything we’ve spoken about in the lesson notes. Let’s wrap up this lesson with a couple of sample sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: Sure, for example, تو (در) مدرسه فقط معلم مرد داریم. |
| John: “We have only male teachers at school.” |
| Mehrnaz: شیر ماده یال نداره (ندارد). |
| John: "A lioness doesn't have a mane." |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خداحافظ (khodaahaafez) |
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