Learn how to use possesive and plural forms
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1, Lesson 2 - Going on a Shopping Trip in Iran. John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam), I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the possessive and plural forms. The conversation takes place at a home and clothing store. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Mrs. Milani and Farhad. |
| John: The speakers are family members, so they’ll use informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| خانم میلانی: می‌خوام (می‌‌خواهم) برم (بروم) کفشام رو(کفش‌هایم را) عوض کنم و برای هدی هم کادو بخرم توهم میای (می‌‌آیی)؟ |
| فرهاد: کجا می‌خوای(می‌‌خواهی) بری (بروی)؟ |
| خانم میلانی: ونک شاید هم تجریش. |
| فرهاد: این دامنا (دامن‌ها) چطور هستن (هستند)؟ می‌خوای که یه (یک) آبی لاجوردی و یه (یک) سفید هم براش بخریم؟ |
| خانم میلانی: خوب نیست، چاق نشونش (نشانش) میده (می دهد). |
| فرهاد: این بلوز چی؟ نارنجی هم دوست داره (دارد). |
| خانم میلانی: نه , ارزون (ارزان) به نظر میاد (می آید) . |
| خانم میلانی: این خوبه (خوب است) اتفاقاً شال سبز لازم داره (دارد). |
| خانم میلانی: ولی اینا (این‌ها) که برداشتی خیلی به هم میان (می‌‌آیند). |
| فرهاد: آره به کفشی که هفته پیش خریده هم خیلی میان (می آیند). |
| John: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| خانم میلانی: می‌خوام (می‌‌خواهم) برم (بروم) کفشام رو(کفش‌هایم را) عوض کنم و برای هدی هم کادو بخرم توهم میای (می‌‌آیی)؟ |
| فرهاد: کجا می‌خوای(می‌‌خواهی) بری (بروی)؟ |
| خانم میلانی: ونک شاید هم تجریش. |
| فرهاد: این دامنا (دامن‌ها) چطور هستن (هستند)؟ می‌خوای که یه (یک) آبی لاجوردی و یه (یک) سفید هم براش بخریم؟ |
| خانم میلانی: خوب نیست، چاق نشونش (نشانش) میده (می دهد). |
| فرهاد: این بلوز چی؟ نارنجی هم دوست داره (دارد). |
| خانم میلانی: نه , ارزون (ارزان) به نظر میاد (می آید) . |
| خانم میلانی: این خوبه (خوب است) اتفاقاً شال سبز لازم داره (دارد). |
| خانم میلانی: ولی اینا (این‌ها) که برداشتی خیلی به هم میان (می‌‌آیند). |
| فرهاد: آره به کفشی که هفته پیش خریده هم خیلی میان (می آیند). |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Mrs. Milani: I'm going to change my shoes and buy Hoda a present too; do you want to come along? |
| Farhad: Where are you going? |
| Mrs. Milani: Vanak, maybe Tajrish. |
| Farhad: How are these skirts? Do you want us to buy an ultramarine blue and a white one for her? |
| Mrs. Milani: Not good, it makes her look fat. |
| Farhad: How about this blouse? She loves orange too! |
| Mrs. Milani: No, it looks cheap! |
| Mrs. Milani: This is good! She happens to need a green scarf! |
| Mrs. Milani: But these ones you took go very well together. |
| Farhad: They go very well with the shoes she got last week as well! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: What’s one famous spot for shopping in Iran? |
| Mehrnaz: That’s "Valiasr Street," or in Persian, خیابان ولی عصر (khiaabaan-e valiasr) |
| John: I’ve heard about it. It’s the longest street in the Middle East. It’s well-known by local residents and Iranians as well as foreign tourists. |
| Mehrnaz: That’s right. It has tall cedar trees plus high-class shopping centers and the best restaurants in Tehran. |
| John: Have you ever been there? |
| Mehrnaz: I’ve visited Valiasr Street a few times. I can say that I had the best European food I’ve ever had there. I also remember that the traditional tea houses were very beautiful and elegant, with very reasonable prices. You should definitely visit this place and have a cup of Iranian-grown black tea with baklava. |
| John: I wish I could! |
| Mehrnaz: And you can get some for just $1! |
| John: That sounds delicious and convenient! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: کادو (kaado) [natural native speed] |
| John: present, gift |
| Mehrnaz: کادو (kaado) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: کادو (kaado) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: آبی لاجوردی (aabi-ye laajevardi) [natural native speed] |
| John: ultramarine blue |
| Mehrnaz: آبی لاجوردی (aabi-ye laajevardi) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: آبی لاجوردی (aabi-ye laajevardi) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: دامن (daaman) [natural native speed] |
| John: skirt |
| Mehrnaz: دامن (daaman) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: دامن (daaman) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: چاق (chaaq) [natural native speed] |
| John: fat, obese |
| Mehrnaz: چاق (chaaq) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: چاق (chaaq) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: بلوز (bolooz) [natural native speed] |
| John: blouse |
| Mehrnaz: بلوز (bolooz) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: بلوز (bolooz) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: ارزان به نظر آمدن (arzaan be nazar aamadan) [natural native speed] |
| John: to look cheap |
| Mehrnaz: ارزان به نظر آمدن (arzaan be nazar aamadan) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: ارزان به نظر آمدن (arzaan be nazar aamadan) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: هفته پیش (hafte-ye pish) [natural native speed] |
| John: last week |
| Mehrnaz: هفته پیش (hafte-ye pish) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: هفته پیش (hafte-ye pish) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: به هم آمدن (be ham aamadan) [natural native speed] |
| John: to go together |
| Mehrnaz: به هم آمدن (be ham aamadan) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: به هم آمدن (be ham aamadan) [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: کفش (یک جفت کفش) (kafsh (yek joft kafsh)) [natural native speed] |
| John: shoes (one pair of shoes) |
| Mehrnaz: کفش (یک جفت کفش) (kafsh (yek joft kafsh)) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: کفش (یک جفت کفش) (kafsh (yek joft kafsh)) [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Mehrnaz: خریدن (kharidan) [natural native speed] |
| John: to buy |
| Mehrnaz: خریدن (kharidan) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خریدن (kharidan) [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: به هم آمدن (be ham aamadan) |
| John: Meaning "to go together." |
| Mehrnaz: "be" means "to," ham means "each other," and "aamadan" means "to come." |
| John: So, literally this phrase means “to each other come.” Can you give us some sample sentences? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, این کت و شلوار سفید به من میاد. (in kot-o shalvaar-e sefid be man miaad.) |
| John: "This white suit looks good on me." |
| Mehrnaz: شیرین و جمشید خیلی به هم میان. (shirin-o jamshid kheyli be ham miaan.) |
| John: "Shirin and Jamshid look very good together." |
| Mehrnaz: .این کفش سفید و شلوار آبی خیلی به هم میاند (in kafsh-e sefid-o shalvaar-e aabi kheyli be ham miaand.) |
| John: ...which means "These white shoes and blue jeans go together very well." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: ارزان به نظر آمدن (arzaan be nazar aamadan) |
| John: Meaning "It looks cheap." |
| Mehrnaz: "arzaan" means "cheap," and "be nazar aamadan," means "to come to mind," or "to look." |
| John: You can use this phrase whenever something doesn’t look elegant or is not made of good materials. Mehrnaz, can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say, این ساعت ارزان به نظر میاد. (in saa'at arzaan be nazar miaad.) |
| John: ...which means "This watch looks cheap." |
| Mehrnaz: Instead of "arzaan," you can also say "kelaas paayine," meaning "low class." For example, این ماشین کلاس پایینه. (in maashin kelaas paayin-e.) |
| John: Which means "This car is low class," or "This car looks cheap.” |
| John: Now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about the possessive and plural forms. Let’s start with the possessive form. |
| Mehrnaz: The possessive form in Persian is very easy to make. |
| John: There are two ways to make the possessive. Let’s go over the first one, you guessed it, first. |
| Mehrnaz: We add an -e after the object, immediately followed by the subject. For example, کفش من (kafsh-e man) |
| John: Which means "my shoes." |
| Mehrnaz: So remember: we add an -e sound between a noun (of a thing or entity) and another noun (or adjective). |
| John: Can you give us some other examples? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure, کتاب سیما (ketaab-e simaa) |
| John: meaning "Sima's book." |
| Mehrnaz: کتاب آبی (ketaab-e aabi) |
| John: Meaning "blue book." Ok, now what’s the second way to form a possessive form? |
| Mehrnaz: Add the word maal, meaning "belong," after the object, plus -e and the subject. In other words, between the object and subject. For example, این کفش مال من است. (in kafsh maal-e man ast.) |
| John: Meaning "This shoe belongs to me." |
| Mehrnaz: Using the word "maal," you can also create the possessive pronouns. For example, مال من (maal-e man). |
| John: Which means “mine.” |
| Mehrnaz: مال تو (maal-e to). |
| John: Which means “yours.” Ok, let’s now see the plural nouns. How do you form them? |
| Mehrnaz: For most of the words in Persian, you can make the plural by adding the suffix ها, haa. For example, کفش‌ها (kafsh-haa), ماشین‌ها (maashin-haa), کتابها (ketaab-haa). |
| John: Respectively meaning “shoes,” “cars,” and “books.” |
| Mehrnaz: Please notice that when speaking, we sometimes drop the h sound and say ketaabaa, maashinaa, and kafshaa. |
| John: To wrap up this lesson, can you give us some example sentences which show how to use both plural and possessive forms? |
| Mehrnaz: For example: کفش‌های من کجا هستند؟ (kafsh-haa-ye man kojaa hastand?) |
| John: “Where are my shoes?” |
| Mehrnaz: این ماشین‌ها مال من هستند. (in maashin-haa maal-e man hastand.) |
| John: “These cars belong to me.” |
| Mehrnaz: همهٔ این کتابها مال من هستند. (hame-ye in ketaab-haa maal-e man hastand.) |
| John: “All these books belong to me.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خداحافظ (khodaahaafez). |
Comments
HideHi Listeners! Can you write a sentence with a possessive form in Persian?
Salaam Hazhar-e aziz,
Thank you for your great feedback! 😊
We're glad you're enjoying the lessons!
Please let us know if you ever have any questions throughout your studies; we would be happy to assist.
Best,
Ali
Team PersianPod101.com
سلام، اولین روزمه اینجا ، عالی بنظر می رسد،مرسی😉
Salaam Alexander-e aziz,
Thank you for your question.
Please note that "am," "at," "ash," "-emaan," "-etaan," "-eshaan" are possessive pronouns, and here we focus on the possessive form, so instead of pronouns, you can see we used "maal-e ~" pattern.
Please feel free to ask if any question arises.
Cheers,
Ali
Team PersianPod101.com
Hello, I learned that adding "am", "esh" or "-e tun" can indicate possession, such as saying "ketaabam" for my book, or "ketaabesh" for his/her book, but I didn't see either in the Possessive Form section, is there a reason for this?
Hi Yahya,
Thank you for your kind comment.
We are so glad you like this lesson.
Please let us know if you have any questions.
Best,
Ali
Team PersianPod101.com
سلام خسته نباشى اقايون, اين درس خيلى مفيده (مفيد است), I liked how informal and (formal) words are shown
با تشكر keep all the good work خدا حافظ
Salaam Sylvia,
Thank you for studying with us! 😇
Feel free to contact our team again if any question arises!
Best,
Levente
Team PersianPod101.com
Thanks so much, that was very clear and solves A LOT :)
Salaam Sylvia,
Thank you for your question.
According to the modern Persian writing system, in this case, we must use zero-width non-joiner (ZWNJ) or نیم فاصله between a noun and a suffix. So they look separate, but they are one word together.
For example:
کتابها
ماشین‌ها
درختها
To enter a ZWNJ in most of the keyboards, you can use Ctrl+Shift+3.
Please note that still many use space between a noun and a suffix (like کتاب ها) or write them together (like کتابها).
Please feel free to ask if any question arises.
Best,
Ali
Team PersianPod101.com
Hi!
So is there supposed to be a space between the noun and the suffix? Like here : کتاب ها ? Or are you supposed to write it in one piece, like here : کتابها ?
I've been using another app in addition to this one, and they count both these spellings (کتاب ها and کتابها) as false, and offer to write it in one piece, but with the suffix appearing like this still ها (without the ه medial form). I can't figure what's right, nor how to write the suffix so that it appears like this ها but has no space before it.
I hope my questions makes sense somehow 😅
Thanks !
Hi فهد
Excellent!
امیدوارم از یادگیری زبان فارسی نهایت لذت را ببرید.
Please feel free to ask us if you have any question.
Best,
Ali
Team PersianPod101.com
می خواهم زبان فارسی یاد بگیرم که از شعرهای فارسی لذت ببرم.