Learn how to express disagreement politely
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to PersianPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 25 - Politely Declining a Persian Invitation. John here. |
| Mehrnaz: سلام (salaam) I'm Mehrnaz. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about the habits in the past. The conversation takes place in a classroom. |
| Mehrnaz: It's between Shadi and Ramin. |
| John: The speakers are friends, therefore, they will speak informal Persian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| شادی: هفته دیگه (دیگر) تولد برناس (برنا است)! |
| رامین: برنامه خاصی براش (برایش) درنظر دارین (دارید)؟ |
| شادی: آره. بچه ها میخوان (می خواهند) براش (برایش) یه (یک) سوپرایزپارتی بگیرن (بگیرند). |
| رامین: کجا؟ کی؟ کیا (چه کسانی) دعوتن (دعوتند)؟ |
| شادی: جمعه. رامسر. تو (در) ویلای بابای برنا. چون بعدشم (بعدش هم) داره (دارد) میره (می رود) استرالیا، مامانش میخواد (می خواهد) تولد و گودبای پارتیشو (پارتیش را) یکی کنه (کند). |
| رامین: رامسر؟!! به نظرت دور نیست؟! خیلیا (خیلی ها) نمیتونن (نمی تونند) برن (برند). آخر هفته هام (ها هم) که ترافیک جاده شمال وحشتناکه (است). |
| شادی: فقط دوستای (دوستان) نزدیکشو (نزدیکش را) دعوت کرده (است). شاید حدود بیست نفر بشن (بشوند). باباش (بابایش) میخواد (می خواهد) ون کرایه کنه (کند) برای مهمونایی (مهمان هایی) که ماشین ندارن (ندارند). فامیلاشونم (فامیلشان هم) همه شمال ویلا دارن (دارند). |
| رامین: منم (من هم) دوست و فامیلو (فامیل را) باهم دعوت می کردم. جمع یکدستی از آب درنمیاد (در نمی آید). آدم یه (یک) جورایی (جورهایی) معذبه (معذب است). |
| شادی: من تو یه (یک) مهمونی (مهمانی) دیگشون (دیگرشان) بودم. خیلی فامیل خاکی درعین حال متشخصی داره (دارد). |
| رامین: منو (من را) که دعوت نکرده (است) ولی اگرم (اگر هم) دعوت می کرد باید یه (یک) جوری از زیرش در میرفتم. |
| شادی: میدونم (می دانم) تو (در) جعمای (جمع های) اینجوری راحت نیستی ولی بد نیست هر از گاهی با آدمای (آدم های) متفاوت تعامل داشته باشی. اگر دائم با آدمای (آدم های) همفکر خودت باشی بعد از یه (یک) مدت زندگیت خیلی خسته کننده و یکنواخت میشه (می شود).قبلا خیلی بیشتر تو مهمونیا (در مهمانی ها) میدیدمت! |
| رامین: آره تا پارسال هر هفته با بچه های دانشگاه دورهمی داشتیم. نمی دونم (نمی دانم) چرا دیگه (دیگر) بهم (به من) خوش نمی گذره (نمی گذرد). بگذریم... |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Shadi: Borna's birthday is next week! |
| Ramin: Are you (all) thinking of anything special for him? |
| Shadi: Yeah. The kids want to throw a surprise party for him! |
| Ramin: Where? When? Who is invited? |
| Shadi: Friday. Ramsar. At Borna's father's vacation house. Cuz he's going (moving) to Australia afterward, his mom wants to combine his birthday and farewell parties. |
| Ramin: Ramsar?!!! Don't you think it's too far? So many aren't able to go. The traffic (of the road to the north) is awful on the weekends! |
| Shadi: He's only invited his close friends. It may be around 20 people. His dad wants to hire vans for the guests who don't own a car. Their relatives all have vacation houses there. |
| Ramin: I wouldn’t invite family and friends together. It wouldn't make a consistent circle (body of persons). You’d feel somehow uncomfortable. |
| Shadi: I've been to another party of theirs. He has down-to-earth yet nice (gentle, people of quality) relatives. |
| Ramin: He hasn't invited me, but if he had done so (invited me), I would have to somehow wiggle out of it. |
| Shadi: I know you don't feel comfortable in such gatherings, but it's not bad to interact with different people once in a while. If you're always with like-minded people, after a while, your life will be boring and monotonous. I used to see you at parties a lot more. |
| Ramin: Yeah, until last year we would have get-togethers with the uni guys every week. I don't know why it's no fun anymore. Let's move on... |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: In the conversation this time, it’s party time. |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, Shadi and Ramin seem to have different opinions on parties though. |
| John: Ramin doesn’t seem to be much of a party animal, unlike Shadi. |
| Mehrnaz: Not everyone likes big parties. |
| John: Are big parties common in Iran? |
| Mehrnaz: It’s common to combine parties, sometimes. |
| John: Combine them? You mean if there are two events close to each other? |
| Mehrnaz: Yes. It’s just easier for guests and hosts. |
| John: It would also save money. |
| Mehrnaz: That’s true! We would call that مقتصد (moghtased) |
| John: "economical." You wouldn’t say it was stingy? |
| Mehrnaz: خسیس (khasis)? No. Definitely economical! |
| John: Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: خاص [natural native speed] |
| John: "particular" |
| Mehrnaz: خاص [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: خاص [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: از زیر چیزی دررفتن [natural native speed] |
| John: "to wiggle out of something" |
| Mehrnaz: از زیر چیزی دررفتن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: از زیر چیزی دررفتن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: دعوت بودن [natural native speed] |
| John: "to be invited" |
| Mehrnaz: دعوت بودن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: دعوت بودن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: ویلا [natural native speed] |
| John: "vacation house" |
| Mehrnaz: ویلا [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: ویلا [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: یکی کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: "to combine" |
| Mehrnaz: یکی کردن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: یکی کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: وحشتناک [natural native speed] |
| John: "awful" |
| Mehrnaz: وحشتناک [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: وحشتناک [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: کرایه کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: "to rent" |
| Mehrnaz: کرایه کردن [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: کرایه کردن [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: جمع یکدستی [natural native speed] |
| John: "a consistent circle (body of persons)" |
| Mehrnaz: جمع یکدستی [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: جمع یکدستی [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Mehrnaz: معذب [natural native speed] |
| John: "uncomfortable" |
| Mehrnaz: معذب [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: معذب [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Mehrnaz: یکنواخت [natural native speed] |
| John: "monotonous" |
| Mehrnaz: یکنواخت [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mehrnaz: یکنواخت [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Mehrnaz: از زیر چیزی دررفتن |
| John: meaning "to wiggle out of something." |
| John: This is an idiom. |
| Mehrnaz: First is از (az), meaning "from, of," and then is زیر (zir). |
| John: This means "under, below." The next part means "to escape, to get away." |
| Mehrnaz: در رفتن (dar raftan). This is a casual verb, don’t use it in formal settings. |
| John: So is this idiom also casual? |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, it is. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this idiom? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say... از زیر ناهار با رییس در رفت! |
| John: ...which means "He (or she) wiggled out of the lunch with the boss!" |
| John: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Mehrnaz: یکنواخت |
| John: meaning "monotonous." |
| John: This is an adjective. |
| Mehrnaz: First is یک (yek), meaning "one," plus نواخت (navaakht). |
| John: This is the past stem of the verb "to play." |
| Mehrnaz: Yes, "to play" is نواختن (navaakhtan). |
| John: The idea behind it is that if one note keeps getting played, it would be monotonous. |
| Mehrnaz: That’s right. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Mehrnaz: Sure. For example, you can say... زندگیم (زندگی ام) یکنواخت شده بود. |
| John: ... which means "My life had become monotonous." |
| John: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about talking about habits in the past. In English, we use the past progressive to talk about continuous actions, such as "I was eating…" For continuous states we use the simple past "I was thirsty." |
| Mehrnaz: In Persian, we use the past imperfective for both of these verbs. |
| John: How do we make the past imperfective in Persian? |
| Mehrnaz: You add می (mi) to the past stem, plus the personal verb endings. |
| John: Let’s hear some example sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: فکر نمیکردم تنهام بذاری (تنهایم بگذاری). (fekr nemikardam tanhaam bezaari (tanhaayam begozaari).) |
| John: "I didn’t think you would leave me alone." |
| Mehrnaz: داشتم درس می خوندم (می خواندم). (daashtam dars mikhoondam (mikhaandam).) |
| John: "I was studying." |
| Mehrnaz: می خواستم بیام (بیایم) ولی نشد. (mikhaastam biyaam (bi aayam) vali nashod. ) |
| John: "I wanted to come but couldn’t make it." Now, we’ll look at some past habitual actions. |
| Mehrnaz: قبلا بیشتر ورزش می کردم. (ghablan bishtar varzesh mikardam.) |
| John: "Before, I used to work out more." |
| Mehrnaz: اون (آن) موقع ها کم با خواهرم حرف میزدم. (oon mogheh haa (aan moghe’ haa) kamtar baa khaaharam harf mizadam.) |
| John: "Back then, I would talk a little with my sister." |
| Mehrnaz: آخر هفته ها میرفتم کوه. (Aakhar-e hafteh haa miraftam kooh.) |
| John: "I would go hiking on the weekends." Now in English, we can use "would have" or "should have" to talk about past actions. You can use these to talk about things that didn’t actually happen that you wish had. |
| Mehrnaz: In Persian, the same verb form is used whether the action has actually happened or not. |
| John: It’s the tone of the sentence that shows the difference. Listen carefully to how Mehrnaz says these sentences. |
| Mehrnaz: می تونست (می توانست) به هر شهری که می خواست سفر کنه (کند). (mitoonest (mitavaanest) beh har shahri keh mikhaast safar koneh (konad).) |
| John: "He (or she) was able to travel to any city he (or she) wanted to." |
| Mehrnaz: می تونست (می توانست) به هر شهری که می خواست سفر کنه (کند). (mitoonest (mitavaanest) beh har shahri keh mikhaast safar koneh (konad).) |
| John: "He (or she) could’ve traveled to any city (s)he wanted to." |
| Mehrnaz: باید بهم (به من) میگفتی. (baayad behem (beh man) migofti. ) |
| John: "You had to tell me." |
| Mehrnaz: باید بهم (به من) میگفتی. (baayad behem (beh man) migofti. ) |
| John: "You should’ve told me." |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson and this series. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you in another series! Bye! |
| Mehrnaz: خدا حافظ (khodahafez) |
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