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Lesson Transcript

Salām be hamegi! Man Anita hastam. Hi everybody! I’m Anita
Welcome to PersianPod101.com’s “Persian in 3 minutes.” The fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Persian.
In the last lesson, you learned how to use some verbs in their negative form.
In this lesson, you will start to learn about Persian adjectives and how to use them properly. It's easy to use them since they never change and you don't need to worry about changing them to match gender.
Let’s start with a simple example: ketāb-e khoob "good book".
[slowly] ketāb-e khoob.
Ketāb means book. Khoob means good. As you can see, the order is different from English. In Persian, adjectives come after the noun and are related to it with the particle "e", sometimes "ye".
Also, adjectives can be modified by adverbs:
Khāne ye koochak — small house
Khāne ye besyār koochak — very small house
As I said before, in Persian adjectives have only one form regardless of gender or number with the noun they modify. Here are a few more examples.
Derakht-e sabz Green tree
Derakhtha ye sabz Green trees
Sākhtemān e boland tall building
Sākhtemānhā ye boland tall buildings
As you can see, the structure of the Adjectives in Persian has a logical pattern. What's more is that, unlike English, using multiple adjectives is super simple, as long as they all come after the noun!
For example, here are all the ways you can say "the big, newly-built white house":
Khāne ye bozorg-e nosāz-e sefid
Khāne ye sefid-e bozorg-e nosāz
Khāne ye nosāz-e sefid-e bozorg
Okay, so you know how to say "good book" in Persian: ketāb-e khoob. But how do you say "this book is good" or "that book is good"? Well, this is how:
In ketāb khoob ast. this book is good
Ān ketāb khoob ast. that book is good
I think you remember how to say "this" and "that" from our last lessons: in / 'ān
Here we used Simple Present Tense which we will discuss in the next lessons. Do you remember the verb ast? "ast" is the “to be" verb for third person singular.
Here are a few more examples for you to understand how to make Simple Present Tense sentences with adjectives.
This language is easy.
In zabān āsān ast.
[slowly] In zabān āsān ast.
This book is expensive.
In ketāb gerān ast.
[slowly] In ketāb gerān ast.
This girl is beautiful.
In dokhtar zibā ast.
[slowly] In dokhtar zibā ast.
Now it’s time for Anita's Advice.
I mentioned that the particle between nouns and adjectives is "e", and sometimes "ye". But what's the rule? It becomes "ye" if the noun ends in a vowel besides "i"!
In this lesson, we learned how to use adjectives in Persian. Next time we’ll learn the basic uses of the verb raftan, which is "To go"
I'll be waiting for you in the next “Persian in 3 minutes” lesson!
Khodāfez!

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